---
title: Genesis 19:25 (JPS 1917) — and He overthrow those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabi… · tree and pragmatics
description: and He overthrow those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground. Who acts: Lot. Genesis 19:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 19:25 · JPS 1917

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and He overthrow those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.

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**Who acts:** Lot · **What happens:** overthrow, grow · **To what, where:** cities, ground

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This is Genesis 19:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lot), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:504
# text = and He overthrow those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	overthrow	overthrow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
5	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Plain	Plain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	conj	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
23	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	acl:relcl	_	_
24	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overthrow** | present | Lot | that cities and all Plain and all inhabitants of the cities |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **grow** | past |  |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon ground=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַֽיַּהֲפֹךְ֙ אֶת־הֶעָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔ל וְאֵ֖ת כָּל־הַכִּכָּ֑ר וְאֵת֙ כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הֶעָרִ֔ים וְצֶ֖מַח הָאֲדָמָֽה׃

[Genesis 19:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:504` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Genesis 19:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.25/)