---
title: Genesis 2:18 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD God said: 'It is not good that the man should be alone;… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the LORD God said: 'It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a help meet for him.' Who acts: LORD God, man, I. Genesis 2:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 2:18 · JPS 1917

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And the LORD God said: 'It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a help meet for him.'

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**Who acts:** LORD God, man, I · **What happens:** say, not be, be, make · **To what, where:** help, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 2:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD God, man, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:52
# text = And the LORD God said: 'It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a help meet for him.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
8	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	expl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
15	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
17	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	csubj	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	iobj	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	meet	meet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD God |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | should | the man |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | future | I | a help | man |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary help=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהִ֔ים לֹא־ט֛וֹב הֱי֥וֹת הָֽאָדָ֖ם לְבַדּ֑וֹ אֶֽעֱשֶׂהּ־לּ֥וֹעֵ֖זֶר כְּנֶגְדּֽוֹ׃

[Genesis 2:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:52` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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