--- title: Genesis 21:17 (JPS 1917) — And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to H… · tree and pragmatics description: And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her: 'What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is. Who acts: God, angel. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, angel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:558 # text = And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her: 'What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 angel angel NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 called call VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 16 to to ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Hagar Hagar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 18 out out ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 24 unto unto ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ _ 26 : : PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 27 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 28 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 29 nsubj _ _ 29 aileth ail VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 ccomp _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 Hagar Hagar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 vocative _ _ 33 ? ? PUNCT . _ 29 punct _ _ 34 fear fear VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 29 parataxis _ _ 35 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 34 advmod _ _ 36 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 37 for for SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 nsubj _ _ 39 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 34 advcl _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 lad lad NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ _ 46 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 48 advmod _ _ 47 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 48 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 acl:relcl _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: other - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed form=other, act=narrate, polarity=none, voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hear** | past | God | the voice of the lad | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | | 2 | **call** | past | the angel of God | | Hagar | heaven | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to hagar=Recipient | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the angel of God *not said here* | | | | | unto Hagar | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **ail** | present | | thee | | | | Hagar *vocative* | vn pain-40.8.1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Patient thou=Experiencer | | 5 | **not** **fear** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **hear** | present · perfect | God | the voice of the lad | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַנַּעַר֒ וַיִּקְרָא֩ מַלְאַ֨ךְ אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ אֶל־הָגָר֙ מִן־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָ֖הּ מַה־לָּ֣ךְ הָגָ֑ר אַל־תִּ֣ירְאִ֔י כִּֽי־שָׁמַ֧ע אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶל־ק֥וֹל הַנַּ֖עַר בַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הוּא־שָֽׁם׃ [Genesis 21:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.21.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:558` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 21:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.557/) - next →: [Genesis 21:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.559/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 21:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.21.17/)