---
title: Genesis 21:27 (JPS 1917) — And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and they two made a covenant. Who acts: Abraham, Abimelech. Genesis 21:27 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 21:27 · JPS 1917

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And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and they two made a covenant.

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**Who acts:** Abraham, Abimelech · **What happens:** take, give, make · **To what, where:** sheep, covenant

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This is Genesis 21:27 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abraham, Abimelech), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:568
# text = And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them unto Abimelech; and they two made a covenant.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Abimelech	Abimelech	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nmod	_	_
17	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Abraham |  | sheep and oxen |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument sheep=Destination |
| 2 | **give** | past | Abraham *not said here* | sheep |  |  |  | unto Abimelech | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **make** | past | Abimelech | a covenant |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset covenant=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּקַּ֤ח אַבְרָהָם֙ צֹ֣אן וּבָקָ֔ר וַיִּתֵּ֖ן לַאֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַיִּכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם בְּרִֽית׃

[Genesis 21:27: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.21.27/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:568` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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