---
title: Genesis 22:1 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham, and said unto him: 'Abraham'; and he said: 'Here am I.' Who acts: God. Genesis 22:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 22:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham, and said unto him: 'Abraham'; and he said: 'Here am I.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** God · **What happens:** come, pass, prove, say, be · **To what, where:** it, Abraham, I. · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 22:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:576
# text = And it came to pass after these things, that God did prove Abraham, and said unto him: 'Abraham'; and he said: 'Here am I.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
14	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
18	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
21	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	_
22	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	ccomp	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	_
30	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	32	advmod	_	_
31	am	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
32	I.	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	ccomp	_	_
33	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	32	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **prove** | past · do-support | God | Abraham |  |  | after this things |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent abraham=Theme |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | God *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto God | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | God |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | present |  | I. |  | here |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֗י אַחַר֙ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וְהָ֣אֱלֹהִ֔ים נִסָּ֖ה אֶת־אַבְרָהָ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔יו אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הִנֵּֽנִי׃

[Genesis 22:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.22.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:576` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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