--- title: Genesis 3:17 (JPS 1917) — And unto Adam He said: 'Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice o… · tree and pragmatics description: And unto Adam He said: 'Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying: Thou shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for thy sake; in toil shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. Who acts: Adam, thou, I. Genesis 3:17 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.78/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/3/) / [3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.3.17/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 3:17 · JPS 1917 And unto Adam He said: 'Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying: Thou shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for thy sake; in toil shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. **Who acts:** Adam, thou, I · **What happens:** say, hearken, eat, command, not eat, curse · **To what, where:** thee, ground, toil · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Genesis 3:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adam, thou, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:78 # text = And unto Adam He said: 'Because thou hast hearkened unto the voice of thy wife, and hast eaten of the tree, of which I commanded thee, saying: Thou shalt not eat of it; cursed is the ground for thy sake; in toil shalt thou eat of it all the days of thy life. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 unto unto ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 3 Adam Adam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 4 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 5 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 8 Because because SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 9 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nsubj _ _ 10 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 hearkened hearken VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 advcl _ _ 12 unto unto ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 voice voice NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 20 hast have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 eaten eat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 11 conj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 obl _ _ 28 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 30 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 29 obj _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 29 advcl _ _ 33 : : PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 34 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 37 nsubj _ _ 35 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 37 advmod _ _ 37 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 ccomp _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 41 cursed curse VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 nsubj _ _ 42 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ _ 45 for for ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 46 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 sake sake NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nmod _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 53 punct _ _ 49 in in ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 toil toil NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 obl _ _ 51 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 53 aux _ _ 52 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 53 nsubj _ _ 53 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 parataxis _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 53 obl _ _ 56 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 58 det:predet _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 53 obl:unmarked _ _ 59 of of ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 61 nmod:poss _ _ 61 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 nmod _ _ 62 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Adam | | | | | unto Adam | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **hearken** | present · perfect | thou | | | | | unto the voice of thy wife | tree rules | | 3 | **eat** | present · perfect | thou *not said here* | | | | | of the tree | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of tree=Source | | 4 | **command** | past | I | thee | | | | of the tree | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent thou=Eventuality | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **not** **eat** | shall | Thou | | | | | of tree | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of it=Source | | 7 | **curse** | participle | | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is a** | present | | the ground | | | | for thy sake | tree rules | | 9 | **eat** | shall | thou | | | toil | day | of toil | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of it=Source | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּלְאָדָ֣ם אָמַ֗ר כִּֽי־שָׁמַעְתָּ֮לְק֣וֹל אִשְׁתֶּךָ֒ וַתֹּ֙אכַל֙ מִן־הָעֵ֔ץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר צִוִּיתִ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א תֹאכַ֖ל מִמֶּ֑נּוּ אֲרוּרָ֤ה הָֽאֲדָמָה֙ בַּֽעֲבוּרֶ֔ךָ בְּעִצָּבוֹן֙ תֹּֽאכֲלֶ֔נָּה כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֥י חַיֶּֽיךָ׃ [Genesis 3:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.3.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:78` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 3:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.77/) - next →: [Genesis 3:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.79/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.3.17/)