---
title: Genesis 4:3 (JPS 1917) — And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fru… · tree and pragmatics
description: And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD. Who acts: Cain. Genesis 4:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 4:3 · JPS 1917

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And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD.

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**Who acts:** Cain · **What happens:** come, pass, bring, process · **To what, where:** process, offering, time

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This is Genesis 4:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:89
# text = And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	expl	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	Cain	Cain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	csubj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | process |  | process of time |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | past | Cain | a offering |  |  |  | of the fruit of the ground; unto the LORD | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent offering=Theme of fruit=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **process** |  |  | time |  |  |  |  | nom process «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַֽיְהִ֖י מִקֵּ֣ץ יָמִ֑ים וַיָּבֵ֨א קַ֜יִן מִפְּרִ֧י הָֽאֲדָמָ֛ה מִנְחָ֖ה לַֽיהוָֽה׃

[Genesis 4:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.4.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:89` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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