---
title: Genesis 31:39 (JPS 1917) — That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bore the lo… · tree and pragmatics
description: That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bore the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day or stolen by night. Who acts: I, thou. Genesis 31:39 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 31:39 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bore the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day or stolen by night.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, thou · **What happens:** tear, not bring, bear, require, steal · **To what, where:** That, loss

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This is Genesis 31:39 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:980
# text = That which was torn of beasts I brought not unto thee; I bore the loss of it; of my hand didst thou require it, whether stolen by day or stolen by night.
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	obj	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	torn	tear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl:relcl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
23	didst	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
25	require	require	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	parataxis	_	_
26	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	advcl	_	_
30	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
32	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	stolen	steal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	_
34	by	by	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tear** | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  | of beasts | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient of beast=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **not** **bring** | past | I | That |  |  |  | unto thee | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 3 | **bear** | past | I | the loss of loss |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loss=Patient |
| 4 | **require** | past · do-support | thou | loss |  |  |  | of my hand | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Precondition |
| 5 | **steal** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **steal** | participle | thou *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
טְרֵפָה֙ לֹא־הֵבֵ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ אָנֹכִ֣י אֲחַטֶּ֔נָּה מִיָּדִ֖י תְּבַקְשֶׁ֑נָּה גְּנֻֽבְתִ֣י י֔וֹם וּגְנֻֽבְתִ֖י לָֽיְלָה׃

[Genesis 31:39: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.39/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:980` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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