---
title: Genesis 31:50 (JPS 1917) — If thou shalt afflict my daughters, and if thou shalt take wives bes… · tree and pragmatics
description: If thou shalt afflict my daughters, and if thou shalt take wives beside my daughters, no man being with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee.' Who acts: thou, man, you, God. Genesis 31:50 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 31:50 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
If thou shalt afflict my daughters, and if thou shalt take wives beside my daughters, no man being with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, man, you, God · **What happens:** afflict, take, be, see · **To what, where:** daughters, wives, witness · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Genesis 31:50 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, man, you, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:993
# text = If thou shalt afflict my daughters, and if thou shalt take wives beside my daughters, no man being with us; see, God is witness betwixt me and thee.'
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	afflict	afflict	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	advcl	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
13	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	19	det	_	_
19	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	cop	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	12	advcl	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
24	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	ccomp	_	_
29	betwixt	betwixt	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	28	nmod	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	conj	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
34	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: other
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=other, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **afflict** *a condition, not said to happen* | shall | thou | my daughters |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus daughter=Experiencer |
| 2 | **take** *a condition, not said to happen* | shall | thou |  | wives |  |  | beside my daughters | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Destination |
| 3 | **is** | gerund | no man |  |  |  |  | with us | tree rules |
| 4 | **see** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **is a** | present | God | witness |  |  |  | betwixt me | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִם־תְּעַנֶּ֣ה אֶת־בְּנֹתַ֗י וְאִם־תִּקַּ֤ח נָשִׁים֙ עַל־בְּנֹתַ֔י אֵ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ עִמָּ֑נוּ רְאֵ֕ה אֱלֹהִ֥ים עֵ֖ד בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ׃

[Genesis 31:50: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.50/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:993` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 31:49 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.992/)
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