---
title: Genesis 31:51 (JPS 1917) — And Laban said to Jacob: 'Behold this heap, and behold the pillar, w… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Laban said to Jacob: 'Behold this heap, and behold the pillar, which I have set up betwixt me and thee. Who acts: Laban, I. Genesis 31:51 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 31:51 · JPS 1917

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And Laban said to Jacob: 'Behold this heap, and behold the pillar, which I have set up betwixt me and thee.

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**Who acts:** Laban, I · **What happens:** say, behold, set up · **To what, where:** Jacob, pillar · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 31:51 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Laban, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:994
# text = And Laban said to Jacob: 'Behold this heap, and behold the pillar, which I have set up betwixt me and thee.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Laban	Laban	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
7	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	13	discourse	_	_
9	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
10	heap	heap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	behold	behold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	pillar	pillar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	obj	_	_
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	betwixt	betwixt	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	conj	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Laban |  | Jacob |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to jacob=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **behold** | infinitive |  | the pillar |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pillar=Stimulus |
| 3 | **set up** | present · perfect | I | the pillar |  |  |  | betwixt me | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient which=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֥אמֶר לָבָ֖ן לְיַעֲקֹ֑ב הִנֵּ֣ה ׀ הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֗ה וְהִנֵּה֙ הַמַצֵּבָ֔האֲשֶׁ֥ר יָרִ֖יתִי בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינֶֽךָ׃

[Genesis 31:51: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.51/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:994` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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