--- title: Genesis 31:52 (JPS 1917) — This heap be witness, and the pillar be witness, that I will not pas… · tree and pragmatics description: This heap be witness, and the pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm. Who acts: heap, pillar, I, thou. Genesis 31:52 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.995/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/31/) / [31:52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.52/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 31:52 · JPS 1917 This heap be witness, and the pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm. **Who acts:** heap, pillar, I, thou · **What happens:** be, not pass · **To what, where:** witness, heap This is Genesis 31:52 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heap, pillar, I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:995 # text = This heap be witness, and the pillar be witness, that I will not pass over this heap to thee, and that thou shalt not pass over this heap and this pillar unto me, for harm. 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det _ _ 2 heap heap NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 4 cop _ _ 4 witness witness NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 pillar pillar NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 10 cop _ _ 10 witness witness NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 16 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 17 over over ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 19 det _ _ 19 heap heap NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 16 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 24 that that SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 25 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 28 nsubj _ _ 26 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux _ _ 27 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 28 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 29 over over ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 det _ _ 31 heap heap NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 pillar pillar NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 35 unto unto ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 for for ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 harm harm NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | infinitive | this heap | witness and witness | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | infinitive | the pillar | witness | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **not** **pass** | future | I | | | this heap | | to thee | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme over heap=Initial\_Location to thou=Destination | | 4 | **not** **pass** | shall | thou | | | this heap and this pillar | | unto me; for harm | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over heap=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} עֵ֚ד הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְעֵדָ֖ה הַמַּצֵּבָ֑ה אִם־אָ֗נִי לֹֽא־אֶֽעֱבֹ֤ר אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־הַגַּ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה וְאִם־אַ֠תָּה לֹא־תַעֲבֹ֨ר אֵלַ֜י אֶת־הַגַּ֥ל הַזֶּ֛ה וְאֶת־הַמַּצֵּבָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לְרָעָֽה׃ [Genesis 31:52: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.52/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:995` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 31:51 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.994/) - next →: [Genesis 31:53 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.996/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 31:52](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.52/)