--- title: Leviticus 5:23 (JPS 1917) — then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall re… · tree and pragmatics description: then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took by robbery, or the thing which he hath gotten by oppression, or the deposit which was deposited with him, or the lost thing which he found, Who acts: man. Leviticus 5:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.107/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/5/) / [5:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.23/) / JPS 1 # Leviticus 5:23 · JPS 1917 then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took by robbery, or the thing which he hath gotten by oppression, or the deposit which was deposited with him, or the lost thing which he found, **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** sin, be, restore, take, get, deposit · **To what, where:** that, thing, deposit, lost thing This is Leviticus 5:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LEV:107 # text = then it shall be, if he hath sinned, and is guilty, that he shall restore that which he took by robbery, or the thing which he hath gotten by oppression, or the deposit which was deposited with him, or the lost thing which he found, 1 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 if if SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 7 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 8 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 sinned sin VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 guilty guilty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 that that SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 16 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 17 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 restore restore VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 ccomp _ _ 19 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 18 obj _ _ 20 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 22 obj _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 23 by by ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 robbery robbery NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 or or CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 29 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 32 obj _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 gotten get VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 acl:relcl _ _ 33 by by ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 oppression oppression NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 or or CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 deposit deposit NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 39 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 41 nsubj:pass _ _ 40 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 deposited deposit VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 38 acl:relcl _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 45 or or CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 46 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 47 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 48 amod _ _ 48 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 conj _ _ 49 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 51 obj _ _ 50 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 51 found find VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 48 acl:relcl _ _ 52 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sin** | present · perfect | man | | | | | | vn rebel-71.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | man *not said here* | | | | | guilty *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **restore** | shall | man | that | | | | | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent that=Theme | | 4 | **take** | past | man | | | | | by robbery | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme | | 5 | **get** | present · perfect | man | the thing | | | | by oppression | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus | | 6 | **deposit** | past · passive | | the deposit or the lost thing | | | | with man | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 7 | **lose** | participle | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **find** | past | man | the lost thing | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהָיָה֮ כִּֽי־יֶחֱטָ֣א וְאָשֵׁם֒ וְהֵשִׁ֨יב אֶת־הַגְּזֵלָ֜ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר גָּזָ֗ל א֤וֹ אֶת־הָעֹ֙שֶׁק֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׁ֔ק א֚וֹ אֶת־הַפִּקָּד֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָפְקַ֖ד אִתּ֑וֹ א֥וֹ אֶת־הָאֲבֵדָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָצָֽא׃ [Leviticus 5:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:107` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Leviticus 5:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.106/) - next →: [Leviticus 5:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.108/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 5:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.23/)