---
title: Leviticus 11:8 (JPS 1917) — Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not to… · tree and pragmatics
description: Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch; they are unclean unto you. Who acts: ye, carcasses. Leviticus 11:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 11:8 · JPS 1917

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Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch; they are unclean unto you.

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**Who acts:** ye, carcasses · **What happens:** not eat, not touch, be · **To what, where:** carcasses

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This is Leviticus 11:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, carcasses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:262
# text = Of their flesh ye shall not eat, and their carcasses ye shall not touch; they are unclean unto you.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
5	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	carcasses	carcass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
12	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	parataxis	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | shall | ye |  |  |  |  | of beasts's flesh | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of flesh=Source |
| 2 | **not** **touch** | shall | ye | beasts's carcasses |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme carcass=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | carcasses *= carcass* |  |  |  |  | unto you; unclean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִבְּשָׂרָם֙ לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֔לוּ וּבְנִבְלָתָ֖ם לֹ֣א תִגָּ֑עוּ טְמֵאִ֥ים הֵ֖ם לָכֶֽם׃

[Leviticus 11:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:262` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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