---
title: Leviticus 11:21 (JPS 1917) — Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all… · tree and pragmatics
description: Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth; Who acts: ye, winged swarming things, fours. Leviticus 11:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 11:21 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ye, winged swarming things, fours · **What happens:** eat, go, joint, leap · **To what, where:** these, fours, legs, feet, earth

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 11:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, winged swarming things, fours), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:275
# text = Yet these may ye eat of all winged swarming things that go upon all fours, which have jointed legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth;
1	Yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	obj	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
5	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
8	winged	winged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	swarming	swarming	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	fours	four	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	jointed	joint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	above	above	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	27	obl	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	leap	leap	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
28	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | may | ye | these |  |  |  | of all winged swarming things | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient |
| 2 | **go** | present | all winged swarming things |  |  | all fours |  |  | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon four=Location |
| 3 | **joint** | present · perfect | all fours | legs |  | things's feet |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **leap** | to-infinitive | all fours *not said here* |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon earth=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַ֤ךְ אֶת־זֶה֙ תֹּֽאכְל֔וּ מִכֹּל֙ שֶׁ֣רֶץ הָע֔וֹף הַהֹלֵ֖ךְ עַל־אַרְבַּ֑ע אֲשֶׁר־ל֤וֹ כְרָעַ֙יִם֙ מִמַּ֣עַל לְרַגְלָ֔יו לְנַתֵּ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן עַל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Leviticus 11:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:275` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Leviticus 11:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.274/)
- next →: [Leviticus 11:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.276/)
- ↑ back to [Leviticus 11:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.21/)