--- title: Leviticus 11:43 (JPS 1917) — Ye shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that… · tree and pragmatics description: Ye shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarmeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby. Who acts: Ye, swarming thing. Leviticus 11:43 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.297/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/11/) / [11:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.43/) / JPS 1 # Leviticus 11:43 · JPS 1917 Ye shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarmeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby. **Who acts:** Ye, swarming thing · **What happens:** not make, swarming, swarm, make, defile · **To what, where:** yourselves, ye This is Leviticus 11:43 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye, swarming thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LEV:297 # text = Ye shall not make yourselves detestable with any swarming thing that swarmeth, neither shall ye make yourselves unclean with them, that ye should be defiled thereby. 1 Ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj _ _ 2 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 yourselves yourselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 4 obj _ _ 6 detestable detestable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ _ 7 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 8 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 10 det _ _ 9 swarming swarming VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 10 amod _ _ 10 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 swarmeth swarm VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 acl:relcl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 17 cc _ _ 15 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj _ _ 17 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 18 yourselves yourselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 17 obj _ _ 19 unclean unclean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 xcomp _ _ 20 with with ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 that that SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 24 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 defiled defile VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 advcl _ _ 28 thereby thereby ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **make** | shall | Ye | yourselves | | | | with any swarming thing; detestable *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yourselves=Product | | 2 | **swarming** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **swarm** | present | any swarming thing | | | | | | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **make** | shall | ye | yourselves | | | | unclean *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset yourselves=Product | | 5 | **defile** | should · passive | | ye | | | | thereby *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אַל־תְּשַׁקְּצוּ֙ אֶת־נַפְשֹׁ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם בְּכָל־הַשֶּׁ֖רֶץ הַשֹּׁרֵ֑ץ וְלֹ֤א תִֽטַּמְּאוּ֙ בָּהֶ֔ם וְנִטְמֵתֶ֖ם בָּֽם׃ [Leviticus 11:43: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.43/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:297` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Leviticus 11:42 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.296/) - next →: [Leviticus 11:44 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.298/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 11:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.43/)