---
title: Leviticus 15:2 (JPS 1917) — Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When any man h… · tree and pragmatics
description: Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When any man hath an issue out of his flesh, his issue is unclean. Who acts: you, man, issue. Leviticus 15:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 15:2 · JPS 1917

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Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When any man hath an issue out of his flesh, his issue is unclean.

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**Who acts:** you, man, issue · **What happens:** speak, say, have, be, issue · **To what, where:** issue, flesh · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Leviticus 15:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, man, issue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:428
# text = Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them: When any man hath an issue out of his flesh, his issue is unclean.
1	Speak	speak	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	say	say	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
13	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
14	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	advcl	_	_
17	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	out	out	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
24	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	issue	issue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	ccomp	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the children of Israel | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto children *= child* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | present | any man | a issue |  | man's flesh |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent issue=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | present | man's issue |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **issue** |  | man |  |  |  |  |  | nom issue «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
דַּבְּרוּ֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֖ם אֲלֵהֶ֑ם אִ֣ישׁ אִ֗ישׁ כִּ֤י יִהְיֶה֙ זָ֣ב מִבְּשָׂר֔וֹ זוֹב֖וֹ טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא׃

[Leviticus 15:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.15.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:428` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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