---
title: Leviticus 15:10 (JPS 1917) — And whosoever toucheth any thing that was under him shall be unclean… · tree and pragmatics
description: And whosoever toucheth any thing that was under him shall be unclean until the even; and he that beareth those things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even. Who acts: whosoever, thing, flesh. Leviticus 15:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Leviticus 15:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And whosoever toucheth any thing that was under him shall be unclean until the even; and he that beareth those things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.

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**Who acts:** whosoever, thing, flesh · **What happens:** touch, be, bear, wash, bathe · **To what, where:** thing, things, clothes, flesh

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 15:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (whosoever, thing, flesh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:436
# text = And whosoever toucheth any thing that was under him shall be unclean until the even; and he that beareth those things shall wash his clothes, and bathe himself in water, and be unclean until the even.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	whosoever	whosoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	toucheth	touch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	csubj	_	_
4	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	5	det	_	_
5	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	cop	_	_
12	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
13	until	until	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	even	even	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
19	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
20	beareth	bear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
21	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	22	det	_	_
22	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	wash	wash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	24	obj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	bathe	bathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	_
30	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	29	obj	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	36	cop	_	_
36	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	conj	_	_
37	until	until	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	even	even	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | present | whosoever | any thing |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | any thing |  |  |  |  | under flesh | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | shall |  |  |  |  | until the even | unclean *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **bear** | present |  | that things |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |
| 5 | **wash** | shall | flesh | flesh's clothes |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clothes=Patient |
| 6 | **bathe** | infinitive | flesh *not said here* | flesh |  |  |  | in water | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent himself=Destination in water=Theme |
| 7 | **is** | infinitive | flesh *not said here* |  |  |  | until the even | unclean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְכָל־הַנֹּגֵ֗עַ בְּכֹל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִהְיֶ֣ה תַחְתָּ֔יו יִטְמָ֖א עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וְהַנּוֹשֵׂ֣א אוֹתָ֔ם יְכַבֵּ֧ס בְּגָדָ֛יו וְרָחַ֥ץ בַּמַּ֖יִם וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃

[Leviticus 15:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.15.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:436` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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