---
title: Leviticus 3:12 (JPS 1917) — And if his offering be a goat, then he shall present it before the L… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if his offering be a goat, then he shall present it before the LORD. Who acts: offering, Aaron. Leviticus 3:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 3:12 · JPS 1917

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And if his offering be a goat, then he shall present it before the LORD.

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**Who acts:** offering, Aaron · **What happens:** be, present, offer · **To what, where:** goat, offering

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This is Leviticus 3:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (offering, Aaron), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:44
# text = And if his offering be a goat, then he shall present it before the LORD.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	goat	goat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	advcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	present	present	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | Aaron's offering | a goat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **present** | shall | Aaron | offering |  |  | before the LORD; then |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **offer** |  | Aaron |  |  |  |  |  | nom offering «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאִ֥ם עֵ֖ז קָרְבָּנ֑וֹ וְהִקְרִיב֖וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

[Leviticus 3:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.3.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:44` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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