---
title: Leviticus 18:24 (JPS 1917) — Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things; for in all these th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things; for in all these the nations are defiled, which I cast out from before you. Who acts: ye, I. Leviticus 18:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 18:24 · JPS 1917

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Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things; for in all these the nations are defiled, which I cast out from before you.

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**Who acts:** ye, I · **What happens:** not defile, defile, cast out · **To what, where:** yourselves, any, nations, these

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This is Leviticus 18:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:535
# text = Defile not ye yourselves in any of these things; for in all these the nations are defiled, which I cast out from before you.
1	Defile	defile	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	1	advmod	_	_
3	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	1	nsubj	_	_
4	yourselves	yourselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	any	any	PRON	DT	PronType=Ind	1	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	14	det:predet	_	_
14	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	defiled	defile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	obj	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	cast	cast	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
23	out	out	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **defile** | infinitive | ye | yourselves |  | any |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **defile** | present · passive |  | the nations |  | these |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cast out** | past | I |  |  |  |  | from you | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent which=Product from you=Material |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אַל־תִּֽטַּמְּא֖וּ בְּכָל־אֵ֑לֶּה כִּ֤י בְכָל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ נִטְמְא֣וּ הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ מִפְּנֵיכֶֽם׃

[Leviticus 18:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.18.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:535` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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