--- title: Leviticus 20:16 (JPS 1917) — And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou s… · tree and pragmatics description: And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. Who acts: woman, thou, blood. Leviticus 20:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.595/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/20/) / [20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.16/) / JPS 1 # Leviticus 20:16 · JPS 1917 And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. **Who acts:** woman, thou, blood · **What happens:** approach, lie down, kill, put, be · **To what, where:** woman, father This is Leviticus 20:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, thou, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LEV:595 # text = And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 2 if if SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 5 approach approach VERB VBP Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin 17 advcl _ _ 6 unto unto ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 8 det _ _ 8 beast beast NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 lie lie VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 12 down down ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 thereto thereto ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 15 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj _ _ 16 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 kill kill VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 woman woman NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 beast beast NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 conj _ _ 24 : : PUNCT : _ 29 punct _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 27 surely surely ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 29 aux:pass _ _ 29 put put VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 parataxis _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 death death NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 33 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 35 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 36 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 38 cop _ _ 37 upon upon ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 conj _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **approach** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a woman | | | | | unto any beast | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **lie down** | infinitive | a woman *not said here* | | | | | down, thereto *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **kill** | shall | thou | the woman and the beast | | | | | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Theme | | 4 | **put** | shall · passive | | father | | | | to death; surely *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal | | 5 | **is** | shall | father's blood | | | | | upon statutes *= statute* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאִשָּׁ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּקְרַ֤ב אֶל־כָּל־בְּהֵמָה֙ לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃ [Leviticus 20:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:595` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Leviticus 20:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.594/) - next →: [Leviticus 20:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.596/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.16/)