---
title: Leviticus 20:19 (JPS 1917) — And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor… · tree and pragmatics
description: And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin; they shall bear their iniquity. Who acts: thou, man, father. Leviticus 20:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 20:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin; they shall bear their iniquity.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thou, man, father · **What happens:** not uncover, make, bear · **To what, where:** nakedness, near kin, iniquity

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This is Leviticus 20:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, man, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:598
# text = And thou shalt not uncover the nakedness of thy mother's sister, nor of thy father's sister; for he hath made naked his near kin; they shall bear their iniquity.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	uncover	uncover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	nakedness	nakedness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod:poss	_	_
18	's	's	PART	POS	_	17	case	_	_
19	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
25	naked	naked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	near	near	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	kin	kin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
33	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **uncover** | shall | thou | the nakedness of thy mother's sister nor thy father's sister |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present · perfect | man | man's near kin |  |  |  | naked *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kin=Product |
| 3 | **bear** | shall | father | father's iniquity |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעֶרְוַ֨ת אֲח֧וֹת אִמְּךָ֛ וַאֲח֥וֹת אָבִ֖יךָ לֹ֣א תְגַלֵּ֑ה כִּ֧י אֶת־שְׁאֵר֛וֹ הֶעֱרָ֖ה עֲוֺנָ֥ם יִשָּֽׂאוּ׃

[Leviticus 20:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:598` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Leviticus 20:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.597/)
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- ↑ back to [Leviticus 20:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.19/)