--- title: Leviticus 20:23 (JPS 1917) — And ye shall not walk in the customs of the nation, which I am casti… · tree and pragmatics description: And ye shall not walk in the customs of the nation, which I am casting out before you; for they did all these things, and therefore I abhorred them. Who acts: ye, I, customs. Leviticus 20:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.602/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Leviticus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV/20/) / [20:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.23/) / JPS 1 # Leviticus 20:23 · JPS 1917 And ye shall not walk in the customs of the nation, which I am casting out before you; for they did all these things, and therefore I abhorred them. **Who acts:** ye, I, customs · **What happens:** not walk, cast out, do, abhor · **To what, where:** customs, nation, things This is Leviticus 20:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, I, customs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:LEV:602 # text = And ye shall not walk in the customs of the nation, which I am casting out before you; for they did all these things, and therefore I abhorred them. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 5 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD Mood=Ind|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 customs custom NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 nation nation NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 13 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 16 obj _ _ 14 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 15 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 16 casting cast VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 acl:relcl _ _ 17 out out ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 before before ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 for for SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 24 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 26 det:predet _ _ 25 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 26 det _ _ 26 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 30 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 abhorred abhor VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 32 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **walk** | shall | ye | | | the customs of the nation | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in custom=Trajectory | | 2 | **cast out** | present · progressive | I | the nation | | | before you | | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent which=Theme before you=Destination | | 3 | **do** | past | customs *= custom* | all things | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | | 4 | **abhor** | past | I | customs *= custom* | | | | therefore *property* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ בְּחֻקֹּ֣ת הַגּ֔וֹי אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י מְשַׁלֵּ֖חַ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֤י אֶת־כָּל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ עָשׂ֔וּ וָאָקֻ֖ץ בָּֽם׃ [Leviticus 20:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:602` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Leviticus 20:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.601/) - next →: [Leviticus 20:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.603/) - ↑ back to [Leviticus 20:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.23/)