---
title: Leviticus 21:14 (JPS 1917) — A widow, or one divorced, or a profaned woman, or a harlot, these sh… · tree and pragmatics
description: A widow, or one divorced, or a profaned woman, or a harlot, these shall he not take; but a virgin of his own people shall he take to wife. Who acts: husband. Leviticus 21:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 21:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A widow, or one divorced, or a profaned woman, or a harlot, these shall he not take; but a virgin of his own people shall he take to wife.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** husband · **What happens:** divorced, profane, not take, take · **To what, where:** these, virgin, wife

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 21:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:620
# text = A widow, or one divorced, or a profaned woman, or a harlot, these shall he not take; but a virgin of his own people shall he take to wife.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	widow	widow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	dislocated	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	one	one	PRON	CD	_	2	conj	_	_
6	divorced	divorced	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	profaned	profane	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	harlot	harlot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
17	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	21	obj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
23	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	virgin	virgin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
28	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	nmod	_	_
30	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
32	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divorced** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **profane** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **take** | shall | husband | these |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Theme |
| 4 | **take** | shall | husband | a virgin of husband's own people | wife |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent virgin=Theme to wife=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אַלְמָנָ֤ה וּגְרוּשָׁה֙ וַחֲלָלָ֣ה זֹנָ֔ה אֶת־אֵ֖לֶּה לֹ֣א יִקָּ֑ח כִּ֛י אִם־בְּתוּלָ֥ה מֵעַמָּ֖יו יִקַּ֥ח אִשָּֽׁה׃

[Leviticus 21:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.21.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:620` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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