---
title: Leviticus 22:23 (JPS 1917) — Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing too long or too short… · tree and pragmatics
description: Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing too long or too short, that mayest thou offer for a freewill-offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted. Who acts: lamb, thou. Leviticus 22:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 22:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing too long or too short, that mayest thou offer for a freewill-offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lamb, thou · **What happens:** have, offer, not accept · **To what, where:** thing, offering

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 22:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lamb, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:654
# text = Either a bullock or a lamb that hath any thing too long or too short, that mayest thou offer for a freewill-offering; but for a vow it shall not be accepted.
1	Either	either	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc:preconj	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bullock	bullock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	dislocated	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lamb	lamb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	too	too	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	too	too	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	mayest	may	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
20	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
23	freewill	freewill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	_
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	_
25	offering	offering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	35	punct	_	_
27	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
28	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	vow	vow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	35	advmod	_	_
34	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	aux:pass	_	_
35	accepted	accept	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	conj	_	_
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a lamb | any thing |  |  |  | long *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |
| 2 | **offer** | may | thou |  |  |  |  | for a freewill offering *goal*; a bullock or a lamb *dislocated* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent for offering=Goal |
| 3 | **not** **accept** | shall · passive |  | offering |  |  |  | for a vow | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְשׁ֥וֹר וָשֶׂ֖ה שָׂר֣וּעַ וְקָל֑וּט נְדָבָה֙ תַּעֲשֶׂ֣ה אֹת֔וֹ וּלְנֵ֖דֶר לֹ֥א יֵרָצֶֽה׃

[Leviticus 22:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.22.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:654` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Leviticus 22:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.653/)
- next →: [Leviticus 22:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.655/)
- ↑ back to [Leviticus 22:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.22.23/)