---
title: Leviticus 24:20 (JPS 1917) — breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; as he hath maimed a… · tree and pragmatics
description: breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; as he hath maimed a man, so shall it be rendered unto him. Who acts: man. Leviticus 24:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 24:20 · JPS 1917

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breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; as he hath maimed a man, so shall it be rendered unto him.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** maim, render · **To what, where:** man, tooth

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This is Leviticus 24:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:729
# text = breach for breach, eye for eye, tooth for tooth; as he hath maimed a man, so shall it be rendered unto him.
1	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	breach	breach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
13	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	maimed	maim	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	24	advmod	_	_
21	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	rendered	render	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	parataxis	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maim** | present · perfect | man | a man |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient |
| 2 | **render** | shall · passive |  | tooth |  |  |  | unto man | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שֶׁ֚בֶר תַּ֣חַת שֶׁ֔בֶר עַ֚יִן תַּ֣חַת עַ֔יִן שֵׁ֖ן תַּ֣חַת שֵׁ֑ן כַּאֲשֶׁ֨ר יִתֵּ֥ן מוּם֙ בָּֽאָדָ֔ם כֵּ֖ן יִנָּ֥תֶן בּֽוֹ׃

[Leviticus 24:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.24.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:729` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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