---
title: Leviticus 25:14 (JPS 1917) — And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not wrong one another. Who acts: thou, ye. Leviticus 25:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 25:14 · JPS 1917

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And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not wrong one another.

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**Who acts:** thou, ye · **What happens:** sell, buy, not wrong · **To what, where:** aught, one

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This is Leviticus 25:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:747
# text = And if thou sell aught unto thy neighbour, or buy of thy neighbour's hand, ye shall not wrong one another.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sell	sell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	advcl	_	_
5	aught	aught	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	buy	buy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nsubj	_	_
19	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
21	wrong	wrong	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
22	one	one	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Rcp	21	obj	_	_
23	another	another	PRON	DT	PronType=Rcp	22	flat	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | aught |  |  |  | unto thy neighbour | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aught=Theme |
| 2 | **buy** | infinitive | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of thy neighbour's hand | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **wrong** | shall | ye | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְכִֽי־תִמְכְּר֤וּ מִמְכָּר֙ לַעֲמִיתֶ֔ךָ א֥וֹ קָנֹ֖ה מִיַּ֣ד עֲמִיתֶ֑ךָ אַל־תּוֹנ֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ אֶת־אָחִֽיו׃

[Leviticus 25:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:747` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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