---
title: Leviticus 25:23 (JPS 1917) — And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine;… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine; for ye are strangers and settlers with Me. Who acts: land, ye. Leviticus 25:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 25:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine; for ye are strangers and settlers with Me.

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**Who acts:** land, ye · **What happens:** not sell, be · **To what, where:** land, perpetuity, Mine, strangers

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This is Leviticus 25:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:756
# text = And the land shall not be sold in perpetuity; for the land is Mine; for ye are strangers and settlers with Me.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	perpetuity	perpetuity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	Mine	my	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	parataxis	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
17	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nsubj	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	parataxis	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	settlers	settler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sell** | shall · passive |  | the land |  | perpetuity |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | the land | Mine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | ye | strangers and settlers |  |  |  | with Me | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָאָ֗רֶץ לֹ֤א תִמָּכֵר֙ לִצְמִתֻ֔ת כִּי־לִ֖י הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֧ים וְתוֹשָׁבִ֛ים אַתֶּ֖ם עִמָּדִֽי׃

[Leviticus 25:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:756` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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