---
title: Leviticus 25:35 (JPS 1917) — And if thy brother be waxen poor, and his means fail with thee; then… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if thy brother be waxen poor, and his means fail with thee; then thou shalt uphold him: as a stranger and a settler shall he live with thee. Who acts: brother, means, thou. Leviticus 25:35 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Leviticus 25:35 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And if thy brother be waxen poor, and his means fail with thee; then thou shalt uphold him: as a stranger and a settler shall he live with thee.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** brother, means, thou · **What happens:** be, fail, uphold, live · **To what, where:** brother

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 25:35 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, means, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:768
# text = And if thy brother be waxen poor, and his means fail with thee; then thou shalt uphold him: as a stranger and a settler shall he live with thee.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
3	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	waxen	waxen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	advcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	means	means	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	12	nsubj	_	_
12	fail	fail	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	19	advmod	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	uphold	uphold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	settler	settler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
28	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
30	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	parataxis	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	obl	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request, polarity=none, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | thy brother |  |  |  |  | poor *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fail** | present | brother's means |  |  |  |  | with thee | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **uphold** | shall | thou | brother |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **live** | shall | brother |  |  |  |  | as a stranger and a settler; with thee | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with thou=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְכִֽי־יָמ֣וּךְ אָחִ֔יךָ וּמָ֥טָה יָד֖וֹ עִמָּ֑ךְ וְהֶֽחֱזַ֣קְתָּ בּ֔וֹ גֵּ֧ר וְתוֹשָׁ֛ב וָחַ֖י עִמָּֽךְ׃

[Leviticus 25:35: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.25.35/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:768` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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