---
title: Leviticus 5:2 (JPS 1917) — or if any one touch any unclean thing, whether it be the carcass of… · tree and pragmatics
description: or if any one touch any unclean thing, whether it be the carcass of an unclean beast, or the carcass of unclean cattle, or the carcass of unclean swarming things, and be guilty, it being hidden from him that he is unclean; Who acts: one, thing, he. Leviticus 5:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree 
---

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# Leviticus 5:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
or if any one touch any unclean thing, whether it be the carcass of an unclean beast, or the carcass of unclean cattle, or the carcass of unclean swarming things, and be guilty, it being hidden from him that he is unclean;

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**Who acts:** one, thing, he · **What happens:** touch, be, swarm, hide · **To what, where:** unclean thing, carcass, thing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Leviticus 5:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, thing, he), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:LEV:86
# text = or if any one touch any unclean thing, whether it be the carcass of an unclean beast, or the carcass of unclean cattle, or the carcass of unclean swarming things, and be guilty, it being hidden from him that he is unclean;
1	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	touch	touch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	advcl	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	8	det	_	_
7	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	carcass	carcass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	carcass	carcass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	carcass	carcass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
32	swarming	swarm	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	33	amod	_	_
33	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	cop	_	_
37	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	41	aux:pass	_	_
41	hidden	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
42	from	from	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	obl	_	_
44	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	47	mark	_	_
45	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
46	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	47	cop	_	_
47	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	ccomp	_	_
48	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | any one | any unclean thing |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme thing=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive | thing | the carcass or the carcass of unclean cattle or the carcass of unclean swarming things |  |  |  | of a unclean beast | tree rules |
| 3 | **swarm** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive | any one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | guilty *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **hide** | gerund · passive |  | thing |  |  |  | from him *= he* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Patient from he=Beneficiary |
| 6 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
א֣וֹ נֶ֗פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּגַּע֮ בְּכָל־דָּבָ֣ר טָמֵא֒ אוֹ֩ בְנִבְלַ֨ת חַיָּ֜ה טְמֵאָ֗ה א֤וֹבְּנִבְלַת֙ בְּהֵמָ֣ה טְמֵאָ֔ה א֕וֹ בְּנִבְלַ֖ת שֶׁ֣רֶץ טָמֵ֑א וְנֶעְלַ֣ם מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְה֥וּא טָמֵ֖א וְאָשֵֽׁם׃

[Leviticus 5:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.5.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:LEV:86` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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