---
title: Numbers 35:22 (JPS 1917) — But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or hurled upon him any… · tree and pragmatics
description: But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or hurled upon him any thing without lying in wait, Who acts: murderer. Numbers 35:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 35:22 · JPS 1917

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But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or hurled upon him any thing without lying in wait,

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**Who acts:** murderer · **What happens:** thrust, hurl, lie · **To what, where:** avenger, thing, wait

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This is Numbers 35:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (murderer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:1298
# text = But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or hurled upon him any thing without lying in wait,
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	thrust	thrust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	enmity	enmity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	hurled	hurl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
14	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	15	det	_	_
15	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
16	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	wait	wait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thrust** | past | murderer | avenger |  |  |  | without enmity; suddenly *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **hurl** | past | murderer *not said here* | any thing |  |  |  | upon murderer | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent thing=Theme upon he=Destination |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund | murderer *not said here* |  |  | wait |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wait=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאִם־בְּפֶ֥תַע בְּלֹא־אֵיבָ֖ה הֲדָפ֑וֹ אוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו כָּל־כְּלִ֖י בְּלֹ֥א צְדִיָּֽה׃

[Numbers 35:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.35.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:1298` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Numbers 35:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.1297/)
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