--- title: Numbers 10:31 (JPS 1917) — And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest h… · tree and pragmatics description: And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes. Who acts: LORD, I, thou, we. Numbers 10:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.430/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/10/) / [10:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.10.31/) / JPS 1 # Numbers 10:31 · JPS 1917 And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes. **Who acts:** LORD, I, thou, we · **What happens:** say, not leave, pray, know, be · **To what, where:** us, thee, wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Numbers 10:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, thou, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NUM:430 # text = And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 Leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 7 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obj _ _ 8 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 6 advmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 10 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 pray pray VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 12 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 obj _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 14 forasmuch forasmuch SCONJ IN _ 15 fixed _ _ 15 as as SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 16 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj _ _ 17 knowest know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ _ 18 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 22 advmod _ _ 19 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 20 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 encamp encamp VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 ccomp _ _ 23 in in ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 wilderness wilderness NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 28 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 32 nsubj _ _ 29 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 30 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 32 cop _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 conj _ _ 33 instead instead ADV RB ExtPos=ADP 35 case _ _ 34 of of ADP IN _ 33 fixed _ _ 35 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **leave** | infinitive | | us | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme | | 3 | **pray** | present | I | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **know** | present | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **is** | present | we | | | the wilderness | | encamp *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | shall | thou | | | | | to us; instead eyes | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אַל־נָ֖א תַּעֲזֹ֣ב אֹתָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י ׀ עַל־כֵּ֣ן יָדַ֗עְתָּ חֲנֹתֵ֙נוּ֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְהָיִ֥יתָ לָּ֖נוּ לְעֵינָֽיִם׃ [Numbers 10:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.10.31/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:430` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Numbers 10:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.429/) - next →: [Numbers 10:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.431/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 10:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.10.31/)