--- title: Numbers 11:31 (JPS 1917) — And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails… · tree and pragmatics description: And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and about two cubits above the face of the earth. Who acts: wind, quails, day. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, quails, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NUM:466 # text = And there went forth a wind from the LORD, and brought across quails from the sea, and let them fall by the camp, about a day's journey on this side, and a day's journey on the other side, round about the camp, and about two cubits above the face of the earth. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 3 expl _ _ 3 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 forth forth ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 wind wind NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 7 from from ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 brought bring VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 13 across across ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 quails quail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 from from ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 21 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 fall fall VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 xcomp _ _ 23 by by ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 about about ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod:poss _ _ 30 's 's PART POS _ 29 case _ _ 31 journey journey NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl:unmarked _ _ 32 on on ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod:poss _ _ 39 's 's PART POS _ 38 case _ _ 40 journey journey NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 conj _ _ 41 on on ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 43 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 44 amod _ _ 44 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nmod _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 46 round round ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 47 about about ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 50 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 52 about about ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ _ 53 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 54 nummod _ _ 54 cubits cubit NOUN NNS Number=Plur 49 conj _ _ 55 above above ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nmod _ _ 58 of of ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 nmod _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | past | a wind from the LORD | | | there | | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **bring** | past | a wind from the LORD *not said here* | quails | | the sea | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent quail=Theme from sea=Initial\_Location | | 3 | **let** | infinitive | a wind from the LORD *not said here* | quails *= quail* | | | | about the camp and two cubits above the face of the earth; a day's journey on this side and a day's journey on the other side *obl:unmarked* | tree rules | | 4 | **fall** | infinitive | quails *= quail* *not said here* | | | | | by the camp | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by camp=Location | | 5 | **journey** | | a day | | | this side | | | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent on=place | | 6 | **journey** | | a day | | | the other side | | | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent on=place | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְר֜וּחַ נָסַ֣ע ׀ מֵאֵ֣ת יְהוָ֗ה וַיָּ֣גָז שַׂלְוִים֮ מִן־הַיָּם֒ וַיִּטֹּ֨שׁ עַל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֜ה כְּדֶ֧רֶךְ י֣וֹם כֹּ֗ה וּכְדֶ֤רֶךְ יוֹם֙ כֹּ֔ה סְבִיב֖וֹת הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וּכְאַמָּתַ֖יִם עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הָאָֽרֶץ׃ [Numbers 11:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.31/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:466` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Numbers 11:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.465/) - next →: [Numbers 11:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.467/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 11:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.11.31/)