---
title: Numbers 14:23 (JPS 1917) — surely they shall not see the land which I swore unto their fathers,… · tree and pragmatics
description: surely they shall not see the land which I swore unto their fathers, neither shall any of them that despised Me see it. Who acts: signs, I, any. Numbers 14:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 14:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
surely they shall not see the land which I swore unto their fathers, neither shall any of them that despised Me see it.

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**Who acts:** signs, I, any · **What happens:** not see, swear, despise, see · **To what, where:** land, Me

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This is Numbers 14:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (signs, I, any), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:545
# text = surely they shall not see the land which I swore unto their fathers, neither shall any of them that despised Me see it.
1	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obj	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	swore	swear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	fathers	father	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
15	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	23	cc	_	_
16	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
17	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	23	nsubj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nmod	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	despised	despise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
22	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | shall | signs *= sign* | the land |  |  |  | surely *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer land=Stimulus |
| 2 | **swear** | past | I | the land |  |  |  | unto signs's fathers | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality |
| 3 | **despise** | past |  | Me |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus |
| 4 | **see** | shall | any | land |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִם־יִרְאוּ֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי לַאֲבֹתָ֑ם וְכָל־מְנַאֲצַ֖י לֹ֥א יִרְאֽוּהָ׃

[Numbers 14:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.14.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:545` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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