---
title: Numbers 19:15 (JPS 1917) — And every open vessel, which hath no covering close-bound upon it, i… · tree and pragmatics
description: And every open vessel, which hath no covering close-bound upon it, is unclean. Who acts: open vessel. Numbers 19:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 19:15 · JPS 1917

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And every open vessel, which hath no covering close-bound upon it, is unclean.

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**Who acts:** open vessel · **What happens:** have, bound, be · **To what, where:** covering, vessel

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This is Numbers 19:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (open vessel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:719
# text = And every open vessel, which hath no covering close-bound upon it, is unclean.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
2	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
3	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	hath	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	12	advmod	_	_
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	_
12	bound	bound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | every open vessel | no covering |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covering=Patient |
| 2 | **bound** | participle |  | no covering *not said here* |  | vessel |  | close *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon it=Trajectory |
| 3 | **is** | present | every open vessel |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְכֹל֙ כְּלִ֣י פָת֔וּחַ אֲשֶׁ֛ר אֵין־צָמִ֥יד פָּתִ֖יל עָלָ֑יו טָמֵ֖א הֽוּא׃

[Numbers 19:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.19.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:719` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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