---
title: Numbers 20:16 (JPS 1917) — and when we cried unto the LORD, He heard our voice, and sent an ang… · tree and pragmatics
description: and when we cried unto the LORD, He heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us forth out of Egypt; and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border. Who acts: we, LORD. Numbers 20:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.742/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/20/) / [20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.16/) / JPS 1

# Numbers 20:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and when we cried unto the LORD, He heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us forth out of Egypt; and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** we, LORD · **What happens:** cry, hear, send, bring, be · **To what, where:** voice, angel, us, Egypt, Kadesh

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Numbers 20:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:742
# text = and when we cried unto the LORD, He heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us forth out of Egypt; and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
5	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
21	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
23	out	out	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	fixed	_	_
25	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	34	discourse	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
32	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Kadesh	Kadesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	appos	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	uttermost	uttermost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | we |  |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hear** | past | LORD | our voice |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus |
| 3 | **send** | past | LORD *not said here* | a angel |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent angel=Theme |
| 4 | **bring** | past | LORD *not said here* | us |  | Egypt |  | forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent we=Theme out egypt=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **is** | present | we |  |  | Kadesh |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַנִּצְעַ֤ק אֶל־יְהוָה֙ וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע קֹלֵ֔נוּ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח מַלְאָ֔ךְ וַיֹּצִאֵ֖נוּ מִמִּצְרָ֑יִם וְהִנֵּה֙ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ בְקָדֵ֔שׁ עִ֖יר קְצֵ֥ה גְבוּלֶֽךָ׃

[Numbers 20:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.16/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:742` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Numbers 20:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.741/)
- next →: [Numbers 20:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.743/)
- ↑ back to [Numbers 20:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.16/)