---
title: Numbers 21:30 (JPS 1917) — We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we… · tree and pragmatics
description: We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba. Who acts: We, Nophah. Numbers 21:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 21:30 · JPS 1917

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We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.

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**Who acts:** We, Nophah · **What happens:** shoot, perish, lay, reach · **To what, where:** Heshbon, waste

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This is Numbers 21:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, Nophah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:786
# text = We have shot at them — Heshbon is perished — even unto Dibon, and we have laid waste even unto Nophah, which reacheth unto Medeba.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	shot	shoot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	Heshbon	Heshbon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	perished	perish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
10	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Dibon	Dibon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
19	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	even	even	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Nophah	Nophah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	reacheth	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	Medeba	Medeba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | present · perfect | We |  |  |  |  | at fugitives *= fugitive*; unto Dibon | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent at they=Destination |
| 2 | **perish** | present · passive |  | Heshbon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lay** | present · perfect | we | waste |  |  |  | unto Nophah | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Result |
| 4 | **reach** | present | Nophah |  |  |  |  | unto Medeba | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַנִּירָ֛ם אָבַ֥ד חֶשְׁבּ֖וֹן עַד־דִּיב֑וֹן וַנַּשִּׁ֣ים עַד־נֹ֔פַח אֲשֶׁ֖רׄעַד־מֵֽידְבָֽא׃

[Numbers 21:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.21.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:786` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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