--- title: Numbers 22:5 (JPS 1917) — And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which… · tree and pragmatics description: And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me. Who acts: Balak, Pethor, peo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.796/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Numbers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM/22/) / [22:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.5/) / JPS 1 # Numbers 22:5 · JPS 1917 And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me. **Who acts:** Balak, Pethor, people · **What happens:** send, be, call, say, come out, cover · **To what, where:** messengers, Pethor, Balak, Egypt, face · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Numbers 22:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balak, Pethor, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:NUM:796 # text = And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying: 'Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt; behold, they cover the face of the earth, and they abide over against me. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 messengers messenger NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Balaam Balaam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Beor Beor PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Pethor Pethor PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 15 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 17 by by ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 River River PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 acl:relcl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 to to ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nmod _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 29 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 call call VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 33 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 35 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 advcl _ _ 36 : : PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 37 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 41 punct _ _ 38 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 41 discourse _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 40 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 41 expl _ _ 41 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 ccomp _ _ 42 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nsubj _ _ 44 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 acl _ _ 45 out out ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 46 from from ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 Egypt Egypt PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 obl _ _ 48 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 49 behold behold INTJ UH _ 52 discourse _ _ 50 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 51 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 52 nsubj _ _ 52 cover cover VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 parataxis _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 52 obj _ _ 55 of of ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nmod _ _ 58 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 59 and and CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 60 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 61 nsubj _ _ 61 abide abide VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 conj _ _ 62 over over ADV RB _ 64 advmod _ _ 63 against against ADP IN _ 64 case _ _ 64 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 61 obl _ _ 65 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **send** | past | Balak | messengers | Pethor | | | unto Balaam; to the land of the children of Balak's people | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme to pethor=Destination | | 2 | **is** | present | Pethor | | | | | by the River | tree rules | | 3 | **call** | to-infinitive | Balak *not said here* | | Balak | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Balak *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **come out** | infinitive | | | | Egypt | | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **cover** | present | people | the face of the earth | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme face=Destination | | 7 | **abide** | present | people | | | | | against me | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מַלְאָכִ֜ים אֶל־בִּלְעָ֣ם בֶּן־בְּע֗וֹר פְּ֠תוֹרָה אֲשֶׁ֧ר עַל־הַנָּהָ֛ר אֶ֥רֶץ בְּנֵי־עַמּ֖וֹ לִקְרֹא־ל֑וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִ֠נֵּה עַ֣ם יָצָ֤א מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ הִנֵּ֤ה כִסָּה֙ אֶת־עֵ֣ין הָאָ֔רֶץ וְה֥וּא יֹשֵׁ֖ב מִמֻּלִֽי׃ [Numbers 22:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:796` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Numbers 22:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.795/) - next →: [Numbers 22:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.797/) - ↑ back to [Numbers 22:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.5/)