---
title: Numbers 22:40 (JPS 1917) — And Balak sacrificed oxen and sheep, and sent to Balaam, and to the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Balak sacrificed oxen and sheep, and sent to Balaam, and to the princes that were with him. Who acts: Balak, princes. Numbers 22:40 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 22:40 · JPS 1917

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And Balak sacrificed oxen and sheep, and sent to Balaam, and to the princes that were with him.

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**Who acts:** Balak, princes · **What happens:** sacrifice, send, be · **To what, where:** oxen, Balaam

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This is Numbers 22:40 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balak, princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:831
# text = And Balak sacrificed oxen and sheep, and sent to Balaam, and to the princes that were with him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Balak	Balak	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sacrificed	sacrifice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	oxen	ox	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Balaam	Balaam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	20	nsubj	_	_
18	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	acl:relcl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sacrifice** | past | Balak | oxen and sheep |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent ox=Theme |
| 2 | **send** | past | Balak *not said here* |  | Balaam and the princes |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to balaam=Destination |
| 3 | **is** | past | the princes |  |  |  |  | with Balaam | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּזְבַּ֥ח בָּלָ֖ק בָּקָ֣ר וָצֹ֑אן וַיְשַׁלַּ֣ח לְבִלְעָ֔ם וְלַשָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃

[Numbers 22:40: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.22.40/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:831` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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