---
title: Numbers 23:8 (JPS 1917) — And how shall I execrate, whom the LORD hath not execrated? · tree and pragmatics
description: And how shall I execrate, whom the LORD hath not execrated? Who acts: I, LORD. Numbers 23:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 23:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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And how shall I execrate, whom the LORD hath not execrated?

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**Who acts:** I, LORD · **What happens:** execrate, not execrate

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This is Numbers 23:8 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:841
# text = And how shall I execrate, whom the LORD hath not execrated?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	execrate	execrate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	obj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	execrated	execrate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl:relcl	_	_
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **execrate** | shall | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **execrate** | present · perfect | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מָ֣ה אֶקֹּ֔ב לֹ֥א קַבֹּ֖ה אֵ֑ל וּמָ֣ה אֶזְעֹ֔ם לֹ֥א זָעַ֖ם יְהוָֽה׃

[Numbers 23:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.23.8/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [How shall I curse, whom God hath not cursed?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.840/)
2. **And how shall I execrate, whom the LORD hath not execrated?**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:841` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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