---
title: Numbers 24:9 (JPS 1917) — He couched, he lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse… · tree and pragmatics
description: He couched, he lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up? Who acts: God. Numbers 24:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Numbers 24:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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He couched, he lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up?

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**Who acts:** God · **What happens:** couch, lie down, rouse up · **To what, where:** God

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This is Numbers 24:9 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:875
# text = He couched, he lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up?
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	couched	couch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
6	down	down	ADV	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	lioness	lioness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	rouse	rouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	up	up	ADV	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **couch** | past | God |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie down** | past | God |  |  |  |  | as a lion and a lioness | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **rouse up** | shall |  | God |  |  |  |  | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כָּרַ֨ע שָׁכַ֧ב כַּאֲרִ֛י וּכְלָבִ֖יא מִ֣י יְקִימֶ֑נּוּ מְבָרֲכֶ֣יךָ בָר֔וּךְ וְאֹרְרֶ֖יךָ אָרֽוּר׃

[Numbers 24:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.24.9/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **He couched, he lay down as a lion, and as a lioness; who shall rouse him up?**
2. [Blessed be every one that blesseth thee, and cursed be every one that curseth thee.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/NUM.876/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:875` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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