---
title: Numbers 24:10 (JPS 1917) — And Balak's anger was kindled against Balaam, and he smote his hands… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Balak's anger was kindled against Balaam, and he smote his hands together; and Balak said unto Balaam: 'I called thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast altogether blessed them these three times. Who acts: Balaam, Balak, I, thou. Numbers 24:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and 
---

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# Numbers 24:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Balak's anger was kindled against Balaam, and he smote his hands together; and Balak said unto Balaam: 'I called thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast altogether blessed them these three times.

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**Who acts:** Balaam, Balak, I, thou · **What happens:** kindle, smite, say, call, curse, bless · **To what, where:** anger, hands, thee, enemies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Numbers 24:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Balaam, Balak, I, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:NUM:877
# text = And Balak's anger was kindled against Balaam, and he smote his hands together; and Balak said unto Balaam: 'I called thee to curse mine enemies, and, behold, thou hast altogether blessed them these three times.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	Balak	Balak	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	anger	anger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	kindled	kindle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Balaam	Balaam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
15	together	together	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	Balak	Balak	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Balaam	Balaam	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
22	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	25	punct	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	ccomp	_	_
26	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	obj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	curse	curse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
29	mine	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	39	discourse	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
36	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nsubj	_	_
37	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
38	altogether	altogether	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	blessed	bless	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	conj	_	_
40	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	obj	_	_
41	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	43	det	_	_
42	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	43	nummod	_	_
43	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl:unmarked	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kindle** | past · passive |  | Balak's anger |  |  |  | against Balaam | vn engender-27.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **smite** | past | Balaam | Balaam's hands |  |  |  | together *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus hand=Experiencer |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Balak |  |  |  |  | unto Balaam | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **call** | past | I | thee |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **curse** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | mine enemies |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Theme |
| 6 | **bless** | present · perfect | thou | enemies *= enemy* |  |  | time | altogether *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 7 | **anger** |  | Balak |  |  |  |  |  | nom anger «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּֽחַר־אַ֤ף בָּלָק֙ אֶל־בִּלְעָ֔ם וַיִּסְפֹּ֖ק אֶת־כַּפָּ֑יו וַיֹּ֨אמֶר בָּלָ֜ק אֶל־בִּלְעָ֗ם לָקֹ֤ב אֹֽיְבַי֙ קְרָאתִ֔יךָ וְהִנֵּה֙ בֵּרַ֣כְתָּ בָרֵ֔ךְ זֶ֖ה שָׁלֹ֥שׁ פְּעָמִֽים׃

[Numbers 24:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.24.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:NUM:877` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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