---
title: Owing to the situation with a recognition controversy, many foreign… — Abkhazia · tree and pragmatics
description: Owing to the situation with a recognition controversy, many foreign governments advise their citizens against travelling to Abkhazia. Who acts: many foreign governments. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Abkhazia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Abkhazia, sentence 309

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From Wikipedia, [«Abkhazia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Owing to the situation with a recognition controversy, many foreign governments advise their citizens against travelling to Abkhazia.

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**Who acts:** many foreign governments · **What happens:** owe, advise, travel · **To what, where:** situation, citizens, Abkhazia

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abkhazia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many foreign governments), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Abkhazia:309
# text = Owing to the situation with a recognition controversy, many foreign governments advise their citizens against travelling to Abkhazia.
1	Owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	situation	situation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	recognition	recognition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	controversy	controversy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
10	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	foreign	foreign	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	governments	government	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	advise	advise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	against	against	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	travelling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Abkhazia	Abkhazia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | gerund | many foreign governments *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the situation *goal*; with a recognition controversy | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to situation=Goal |
| 2 | **advise** *speech: other* | present | many foreign governments |  | entrances's citizens |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent citizen=Recipient |
| 3 | **travel** | gerund | many foreign governments *not said here* |  | Abkhazia |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to abkhazia=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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