--- title: Half of Abkhazia's budget comes from Russian funding (with most of t… — Abkhazia · tree and pragmatics description: Half of Abkhazia's budget comes from Russian funding (with most of the financial aid coming in the form of loans); much of its state structure is integrated with Russia; it uses the Russian ruble; its foreign policy is coordinated with Russia; and a majority of its citizens have Russian passports as --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/312/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [wikipedia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/) / [en](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/) / [Abkhazia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/) / 312 # Abkhazia, sentence 312 From Wikipedia, [«Abkhazia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too. Half of Abkhazia's budget comes from Russian funding (with most of the financial aid coming in the form of loans); much of its state structure is integrated with Russia; it uses the Russian ruble; its foreign policy is coordinated with Russia; and a majority of its citizens have Russian passports as a result of Russia's passportization policy. **Who acts:** Half, financial aid, majority, Abkhazia · **What happens:** come, integrate, use, coordinate, have, budget · **To what, where:** Russian funding, form, much, Russian ruble, foreign policy, Russian passports This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abkhazia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Half, financial aid, majority, Abkhazia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = wikipedia:Abkhazia:312 # text = Half of Abkhazia's budget comes from Russian funding (with most of the financial aid coming in the form of loans); much of its state structure is integrated with Russia; it uses the Russian ruble; its foreign policy is coordinated with Russia; and a majority of its citizens have Russian passports as a result of Russia's passportization policy. 1 Half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 6 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 Abkhazia Abkhazia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 4 's 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 budget budget NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 6 comes come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 from from ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 amod _ _ 9 funding funding NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 10 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 12 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 with with ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 9 appos _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 financial financial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 aid aid NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 17 coming come VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 16 acl _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 form form NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 loans loan NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 24 ; ; PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 25 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 nsubj:pass _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 27 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ _ 28 state state ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 structure structure NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux:pass _ _ 31 integrated integrate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 conj _ _ 32 with with ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 34 ; ; PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 35 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 uses use VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 ruble ruble NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 45 punct _ _ 41 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ _ 42 foreign foreign ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ _ 43 policy policy NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nsubj:pass _ _ 44 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 45 aux:pass _ _ 45 coordinated coordinate VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 6 conj _ _ 46 with with ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 45 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 48 ; ; PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 49 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 50 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 majority majority NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 nsubj _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 53 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 citizens citizen NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nmod _ _ 55 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 56 Russian Russian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 57 amod _ _ 57 passports passport NOUN NNS Number=Plur 55 obj _ _ 58 as as ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 result result NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obl _ _ 61 of of ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 62 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 65 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 63 's 's PART POS _ 62 case _ _ 64 passportization passportization NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 compound _ _ 65 policy policy NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 66 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | present | Half of Abkhazia's budget | | | Russian funding | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from funding=Initial\_Location | | 2 | **come** | gerund | the financial aid *not said here* | | | the form of loans | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in form=Location | | 3 | **integrate** | present · passive | | much of half's state structure | | | | with Russia | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient with russia=Co-Patient | | 4 | **use** | present | half | the Russian ruble | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ruble=Patient | | 5 | **coordinate** | present · passive | | half's foreign policy | | | | with Russia | tree rules | | 6 | **have** | present | a majority of half's citizens | Russian passports | | | | as a result of Russia's passportization policy | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passport=Patient | | 7 | **budget** | | Abkhazia | | | | | | nom budget «possession intransitive»: poss=agent | | 8 | **form** | | | loans | | | | | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient | | 9 | **result** | | | Russia's passportization policy | | | | | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0. - ← previous: [sentence 311](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/311/) - next →: [sentence 313](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/313/) - ↑ back to [Abkhazia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/wikipedia/en/Abkhazia/)