---
title: In the case of the Abkhaz, Russia attempted to obviate the use of th… — Abkhazia · tree and pragmatics
description: In the case of the Abkhaz, Russia attempted to obviate the use of the Georgian language by Abkhazians which they previously wielded as the second language and used for the literacy and high culture. Who acts: Russia. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Abkhazia» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Abkhazia, sentence 90

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From Wikipedia, [«Abkhazia»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhazia), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In the case of the Abkhaz, Russia attempted to obviate the use of the Georgian language by Abkhazians which they previously wielded as the second language and used for the literacy and high culture.

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**Who acts:** Russia · **What happens:** attempt, obviate, wield, use · **To what, where:** case, use, Georgian language

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abkhazia». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Abkhazia:90
# text = In the case of the Abkhaz, Russia attempted to obviate the use of the Georgian language by Abkhazians which they previously wielded as the second language and used for the literacy and high culture.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	Abkhaz	Abkhaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
8	Russia	Russia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	attempted	attempt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	obviate	obviate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	Georgian	georgian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Abkhazians	Abkhazian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	obj	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
22	previously	previously	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	wielded	wield	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	acl:relcl	_	_
24	as	as	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	27	amod	_	_
27	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	conj	_	_
30	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	literacy	literacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attempt** | past | Russia |  |  | the case of the Abkhaz |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **obviate** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Russia *not said here* | the use of the Georgian language by Abkhazians |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent use=Patient |
| 3 | **wield** | past | Russia | the Georgian language by Abkhazians |  |  |  | as the second language; previously *property* | vn hold-15.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | participle | Russia *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the literacy and high culture | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **use** |  |  | the Georgian language by Abkhazians |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Abkhazia», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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