---
title: The cosmopolitan atmosphere is gradually growing; as a result, there… — Abu Dhabi · tree and pragmatics
description: The cosmopolitan atmosphere is gradually growing; as a result, there are a variety of African, Asian, European, Middle Eastern, and Western schools, cultural centres, and themed restaurants. Who acts: cosmopolitan atmosphere, variety, Western schools. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Abu Dhabi» with its d
---

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# Abu Dhabi, sentence 286

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From Wikipedia, [«Abu Dhabi»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Dhabi), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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The cosmopolitan atmosphere is gradually growing; as a result, there are a variety of African, Asian, European, Middle Eastern, and Western schools, cultural centres, and themed restaurants.

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**Who acts:** cosmopolitan atmosphere, variety, Western schools · **What happens:** grow, be, theme, restaurant

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Abu Dhabi». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cosmopolitan atmosphere, variety, Western schools), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Abu_Dhabi:286
# text = The cosmopolitan atmosphere is gradually growing; as a result, there are a variety of African, Asian, European, Middle Eastern, and Western schools, cultural centres, and themed restaurants.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cosmopolitan	cosmopolitan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	gradually	gradually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	result	result	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	13	expl	_	_
13	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	variety	variety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
17	African	African	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Asian	Asian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	European	European	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	Eastern	Eastern	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
27	Western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	schools	school	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	cultural	cultural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	centres	centre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	themed	theme	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	35	amod	_	_
35	restaurants	restaurant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present · progressive | the cosmopolitan atmosphere |  |  |  |  | as a result; gradually *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **be** | present | a variety of African Middle Eastern |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **theme** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **restaurant** |  | Western schools and cultural centres |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Abu Dhabi», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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