---
title: In September 2014, Ashraf Ghani became president after the 2014 Afgh… — Afghanistan · tree and pragmatics
description: In September 2014, Ashraf Ghani became president after the 2014 Afghan presidential election, in which, for the first time in Afghanistan's history, power was democratically transferred. Who acts: Ashraf. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Afghanistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Afghanistan, sentence 185

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From Wikipedia, [«Afghanistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In September 2014, Ashraf Ghani became president after the 2014 Afghan presidential election, in which, for the first time in Afghanistan's history, power was democratically transferred.

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**Who acts:** Ashraf · **What happens:** become, transfer · **To what, where:** president, power

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Afghanistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ashraf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Afghanistan:185
# text = In September 2014, Ashraf Ghani became president after the 2014 Afghan presidential election, in which, for the first time in Afghanistan's history, power was democratically transferred.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	September	September	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
3	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
5	Ashraf	Ashraf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	Ghani	Ghani	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	flat	_	_
7	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	president	president	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	xcomp	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
11	2014	2014	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nsubj	_	_
12	Afghan	Afghan	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
13	presidential	presidential	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	election	election	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	22	amod	_	_
22	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	Afghanistan	Afghanistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	's	's	PART	POS	_	24	case	_	_
26	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
28	power	power	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux:pass	_	_
30	democratically	democratically	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	transferred	transfer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | past | Ashraf | president |  |  | after the Afghan presidential election; september |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **transfer** | past · passive |  | power |  |  | time | which *obl*; democratically *property* | vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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