---
title: Religious minorities such as Sikhs, Hindus, and Christians have repo… — Afghanistan · tree and pragmatics
description: Religious minorities such as Sikhs, Hindus, and Christians have reportedly faced persecution. Who acts: Christians. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Afghanistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Afghanistan, sentence 366

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From Wikipedia, [«Afghanistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Religious minorities such as Sikhs, Hindus, and Christians have reportedly faced persecution.

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**Who acts:** Christians · **What happens:** have · **To what, where:** faced persecution, Religious minorities

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Afghanistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Christians), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Afghanistan:366
# text = Religious minorities such as Sikhs, Hindus, and Christians have reportedly faced persecution.
1	Religious	religious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	minorities	minority	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	Sikhs	Sikh	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	Hindus	Hindu	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	Christians	Christian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
12	reportedly	reportedly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	faced	faced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	persecution	persecution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Christians | faced persecution |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent persecution=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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