---
title: Similar development projects have also begun in Herat, Mazar-e-Shari… — Afghanistan · tree and pragmatics
description: Similar development projects have also begun in Herat, Mazar-e-Sharif, and other cities. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Afghanistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Afghanistan, sentence 388

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From Wikipedia, [«Afghanistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Similar development projects have also begun in Herat, Mazar-e-Sharif, and other cities.

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**What happens:** begin · **To what, where:** Similar development projects, Herat

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Afghanistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Afghanistan:388
# text = Similar development projects have also begun in Herat, Mazar-e-Sharif, and other cities.
1	Similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	development	development	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	projects	project	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	begun	begin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Herat	Herat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Mazar	Mazar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	e	e	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	Sharif	Sharif	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | present · perfect · passive |  | Similar development projects |  | Herat and Mazar |  | other cities *obl* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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