---
title: In rural Afghanistan, villagers often use donkeys, mules or horses t… — Afghanistan · tree and pragmatics
description: In rural Afghanistan, villagers often use donkeys, mules or horses to transport or carry goods. Who acts: villagers. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Afghanistan» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Afghanistan, sentence 485

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From Wikipedia, [«Afghanistan»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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In rural Afghanistan, villagers often use donkeys, mules or horses to transport or carry goods.

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**Who acts:** villagers · **What happens:** use, transport, carry · **To what, where:** donkeys, rural Afghanistan, goods

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Afghanistan». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (villagers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Afghanistan:485
# text = In rural Afghanistan, villagers often use donkeys, mules or horses to transport or carry goods.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	rural	rural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Afghanistan	Afghanistan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	villagers	villager	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	often	often	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	use	use	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	donkeys	donkey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	mules	mule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	transport	transport	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	conj	_	_
17	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | villagers | donkeys and mules or horses |  | rural Afghanistan |  | often *property* | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent donkey=Patient |
| 2 | **transport** | to-infinitive | villagers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **carry** | infinitive | villagers *not said here* | goods |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Afghanistan», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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