---
title: Due to a sharp rise in economic relations with Turkey, interest in l… — Albania · tree and pragmatics
description: Due to a sharp rise in economic relations with Turkey, interest in learning Turkish, in particular among young people, was also growing on a yearly basis in the 2010s. Who acts: interest. A sentence of Wikipedia's «Albania» with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# Albania, sentence 577

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From Wikipedia, [«Albania»](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albania), revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). The trees and pragmatics of these pages, Mova's parse of that text, are CC BY-SA 4.0 too.

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Due to a sharp rise in economic relations with Turkey, interest in learning Turkish, in particular among young people, was also growing on a yearly basis in the 2010s.

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**Who acts:** interest · **What happens:** learn, grow · **To what, where:** Turkish, yearly basis

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This is a sentence of the English Wikipedia article «Albania». The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (interest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. The article's note marks are left out of the parse.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = wikipedia:Albania:577
# text = Due to a sharp rise in economic relations with Turkey, interest in learning Turkish, in particular among young people, was also growing on a yearly basis in the 2010s.
1	Due	due	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	rise	rise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	economic	economic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	relations	relation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	interest	interest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
13	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	Turkish	Turkish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	particular	particular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
19	among	among	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	also	also	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	growing	grow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	yearly	yearly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	basis	basis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	in	in	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	2010s	2010	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | gerund | interest *not said here* | Turkish |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent turkish=Topic |
| 2 | **grow** | past · progressive |  |  |  | a yearly basis in the 2010s |  | due a sharp rise in economic relations with Turkey and interest | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on basis=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** the English Wikipedia, «Albania», revision of the 2026-09-01 dump, CC BY-SA 4.0. **Tree:** Mova's own parse, CC BY-SA 4.0 as the text is. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the article read in order, CC BY-SA 4.0.

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